Sains Malaysiana 53(1)(2024): 135-148

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5301-11

Modification on Drying Chamber Wall of Spray Dryer towards Better Yield

(Pengubahsuaian pada Dinding Kebuk Pengeringan Pengering Semburan ke arah Hasil yang Lebih Baik)

NIK FARHAN NAZMI NIK ABD RAHMAN, HASLANIZA HASHIM*, SAIFUL IRWAN ZUBAIRI & MOHAMAD YUSOF MASKAT

Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 5 October 2023/Accepted: 12 January 2024

Abstract

Spray drying is a widely used industrial process that converts liquid or slurry feed materials into dry powder or granules and it commonly shrouded with the stickiness problem. This study was carried out by response surface methodology (RSM) to minimize fouling during the spray drying process by optimizing the condition of the drying chamber wall of the spray dryer. The concentration (%) and exposure time (min) of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were examined as independent variables in order to modify the dryer wall. Responses including flux adhesion weight, product recovery, hygroscopicity, and moisture content of the powder were evaluated. Statistical analysis showed that experimental data were best fitted into a quadratic polynomial model with regression coefficient values greater than 0.75 for all responses. The optimum conditions in reducing fouling were discovered at PTFE concentration of 17.27% and PTFE exposure time of 6 min. These conditions would result in low flux adhesion weight (35.28 mg), high product recovery (39.38%), low hygroscopicity (6.08%) and low moisture content (7.97%). The observed outcomes aligned with the predicted values, affirming the suitability of the model in improving the flowability of the spray drying process.

Keywords: Fouling; polytetrafluoroethylene; response surface methodology; spray drying

Abstrak

Pengeringan semburan ialah proses perindustrian yang digunakan secara meluas yang menukar bahan suapan cecair atau buburan kepada serbuk kering atau butiran dan ia biasanya diselubungi dengan masalah kelekitan. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan dengan kaedah permukaan respons (RSM) untuk meminimumkan kotoran semasa proses pengeringan semburan dengan mengoptimumkan keadaan dinding kebuk pengeringan pengering semburan. Kepekatan (%) dan masa pendedahan (min) politetrafluoroetilena (PTFE) telah dikaji sebagai pemboleh ubah tak bersandar untuk ubah suai dinding kebuk pengeringan tersebut. Tindak balas termasuk berat lekatan fluks, hasil produk, higroskopisiti dan kandungan lembapan serbuk telah dinilai. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahawa data uji kaji adalah paling sesuai dengan model polinomial kuadratik dengan nilai pekali regresi melebihi 0.75 untuk semua tindak balas. Keadaan optimum bagi mengurangkan kotoran telah ditemui pada kepekatan PTFE ialah sebanyak 17.27% dan masa pendedahan PTFE selama 6 minit. Keadaan ini akan menghasilkan berat lekatan fluks yang rendah (35.28 mg), hasil produk yang tinggi (39.38%), higroskopisiti yang rendah (6.08%) serta kandungan kelembapan yang rendah (7.97%). Hasil yang diperhatikan sejajar dengan nilai yang diramalkan, mengesahkan kesesuaian model dalam meningkatkan aliran proses pengeringan semburan.

Kata kunci: Kaedah permukaan respons; kotoran; pengeringan semburan; politetrafluoroetilena

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*Corresponding author; email: haslaniza@ukm.edu.my